Development and validation mental training model: Mental Toughness Training Circle (MTTC)

Background: A systematic and comprehensive mental training program to enhance athletes’ toughness is critical. The aim of this study was develop validate a set programs. Methods: developed, the validity reliability were tested on experts, practitioners, athletes. Training analyzed using content index (I-CVI S-CVI) modified Kappa (k*). Furthermore, estimation model by internal consistency approach with Cronbach’s alpha inter-rater (IRR) intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Result: circle (MTTC) successfully developed four sections: general preparatory, specific precompetitive, competitive 11 skills (positive thinking, log, goal-setting, breathing, relaxation, concentration, self-talk, imagery, leadership, managing anxiety, emotions). Validation assessment found that I-CVI S-CVI values (S-CVI/Ave S-CVI/UA) 1.00, each suggesting excellent validity. value (k*) 1 categorized as excellent. results test Cronbach's showed in range 0.723 0.835 an overall 0.803. ICC analysis also confirmed MTTC had very high coefficient In addition, there no significant difference from respondents’ proved obtaining F=0.754 p=0.644 (>0.05). This suggested respondents tend be consistent assessing which relevant (scale 3) or 4). Conclusion: has sections programs have quality. Further studies bigger sample size required.